Advanced Granulation for Industrial Layered Engineered (AGILE) Catalyst
AGILE (Advanced Granulation for Industrial Layered Engineered Catalysts) develops shaping routes that turn catalyst powders into technical particles for fluidized and circulating reactors. Granulation and spray-fluidized-bed coating are used to build layered particles with controlled composition, porosity, and mechanical strength [201, 164, 188].
- Particle growth and aggregation kinetics in spray-fluidized beds [204]
- Placement of the active phase (zeolite, co-supports) inside the particle [188, 47]
- Effect of shaping on intrinsic kinetics and thermal resistance [190, 121, 113] [patent 16, P1]
- Scale-up rules for shaping processes
Shaping technical catalyst particles in a bottom-spray fluidized bed
by
Alkadhem, Kulkarni, Hoffmann, Zapater, Musteata, Tsotsas, Mohamed, Castaño
Powder Tech.
Year:
2024
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.powtec.2024.119602
Abstract
This work aims to elucidate the particle growth mechanism during agglomeration using a bottom-spray fluidized bed process to produce technical catalysts. The influences of the fundamental operating parameters of the granulation process were investigated through (i) experiments in a newly designed small-scale bottom-spray fluidized bed reactor, (ii) morphological characterization of the catalytic particles produced, (iii) dimensionless number analysis, and (iv) principal component analysis. These results could define the growth stage as dust formation, seed formation, agglomeration, and dust integration or layering. The particle growth mechanism results from the complex interplay of several effects and forces (mass transfer, viscous force, inertial force, surface tension, and gravity), and the prevailing growth stage can be linked with the Weber (We) and capillary (Ca) numbers (i.e., low values of We = 5.7 and Ca = 1.4 leads to layering growth and high values of We = 19.1 and Ca = 7.1 results in dust formation).
Keywords
CRE
HCE
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