Catalytic reactor engineering ⇒ information-driven design of packed (operando), fluidized, multi-functional, and -phase reactors


Problem Statement

At lab-scale, the ultimate goal of a catalytic reactor is to provide (1) reliable kinetic information, neglecting or controlling other phenomena (heat-mass transfer and hydrodynamics); (2) high-throughput data to amplify the results, accelerate model and catalyst discoveries; and (3) results with the minimum requirements of reactants and wastes generated. The pillars of these reactors are quality, quantity, and safety.

We design, build and test different laboratory-scale reactors. Our strategy involves creating and testing reactor prototypes while modeling these using our workflow. We have high-speed cameras, probes, and other measuring instruments to understand the reactor behavior. We focus on packed-, fluidized-bed, and multiphase reactors:

In packed bed reactors, we focus on forced dynamic and operando reactors. These are the quintessence of information-driven reactors where the dynamics can involve flow changes, temperature, pressure, partial pressure, presence of activity modifiers (poissons, H2O…). In operando reactors, we follow a spectro-kinetic-deactivation-hydrodynamic approach to resolve the individual steps involved. In fluidized bed reactors, we focus on downers and multifunctional reactors (circulating, multizone or two-zone, Berty reactors) We focus on trickle-bed, slurry, and bio-electrochemical reactors in multiphase bed reactors.

Al pilot-plant scale, we aim to reach the maximum productivity levels while solving the growing pains: the scale-up. Based on a robust kinetic model obtained in the intrinsic kinetic reactor (lab-scale) and using computational fluid dynamics, we design, build, and operate pilot plants. At this stage, we seek partnerships with investment or industrial enterprises to make these pilot plants.

Objectives

  • Multifunctional fluidized bed reactors ⇒ multizone, circulating...
  • Packed bed membrane reactors
  • Forced dynamic reactors ⇒ pulsing, SSITKA...
  • Forced dynamic operando reactors ⇒ DRIFTS, TPSR...
  • Operando reactors
  • Spray fluidized bed reactors
  • Downer reactor I ⇒ micro downer
  • Downer reactor II ⇒ counter-current and scale-up
  • Batch Berty reactor ⇒ short contact time
  • Multiphase reactors ⇒ trickle bed and slurry
  • High throughput experimentation (HTE) reactors
  • Photo-thermal and bioreactors
  • Reactor visualization and prototyping lab
  • Spatio-temporal hydrodynamic characterization and validation

Related People

Related Covers

Related Publications

Increasing solid holdup and de-clustering in downer reactors by counter-current operation

by Aldugman, Cui, Aldossary, Raja, Aguirre-Pablo, Alfilfil, Almajnouni, Gascon, Thoroddsen, Castaño
Fuel Year: 2027 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fuel.2026.141109

Abstract

In this work, we investigate the fluid dynamics of a counter-current downer using particle image velocimetry and optical fiber probes. The objective is to characterize the hydrodynamic behavior, specifically holdup and clustering, to establish a balance between risers, characterized by relatively high solid holdup and larger clusters, and co-current downers, which typically exhibit lower solid holdup and smaller, transient clusters. Flow patterns and clustering phenomena are quantified for Geldart A and B particles under various operating conditions at two axial positions. The results show that particle flow evolves from an acceleration zone into a more developed, stable region, with notable differences in solid holdup and cluster size distributions between the two measurement locations. By optimizing operating conditions, we achieved a 40% increase in solid holdup for commercial FCC particles and a 47% increase for sand particles, along with a more uniform particle distribution in the case of FCC. Under optimized counter-current operation, cluster size was reduced by 43% for FCC particles and by 33% for sand particles.

Keywords

C2C CRE