Heterogeneous catalyst engineering ⇒ from stable and deactivation resistant to viable technical catalyst

Problem statement

Advances in heterogeneous catalyst “structure” are driven to improve their “function” or performance, i.e., activity, selectivity, and stability. Cooperative research is required to understand the structure and function relationships: developing new synthesis protocols for heterogeneous catalysts with unique surface properties, defined porosity, identification and understanding of catalytically active sites, reaction mechanisms, and finally, prediction and analysis of the processes using various computational tools.

Our group focuses on developing new catalyst formulations using innovative synthesis routes for various important heterogeneous catalysts. That includes thermal, electro, and bio-electro catalysis.

The active phase cannot be used directly in its final application or reactor for various reasons, including poor mechanical resistance, heat or mass transport, and fluidization features. We must mix the active phase with other ingredients in a matrix of binder and filler, while we shape it into a technical catalyst. We investigate new synthetic protocols for technical catalysis using spray drying and fluidized beds to cover the whole range of sizes. At the same time, we incorporate additional (unconventional) ingredients such as SiC to improve some features even further.

Goals

  • Technical catalyst I ⇒ spray drying and extrusion
  • Technical catalyst II ⇒ spray fluidized bed reactor
  • Technical catalyst III ⇒ electrospinning
  • Zeolite catalysts ⇒ with defined structure/porosity
  • Multi-metal (high entropy) alloy catalysts
  • MXene catalysts ⇒ single and multi-dimensional
  • Perovskite catalysts
  • Metal-organic framework (MOFs) catalysts
  • Supported metal/metal-oxide catalysts
  • Aerogel catalyst

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Related Publications

Designing Supported ZnNi Catalysts for the Removal of Oxygen from Bio-Liquids and Aromatics from Diesel

by Loricera, Castaño, Infantes-Molina, Hita, Gutierrez, Arandes, Fierro, Pawelec
Green Chem. Year: 2012

Abstract

This work describes the effect of the support (TiO2, hybrid 2TiO2–SiO2, SBA-15 and SBA-15 decorated with TiO2 particles) on the catalytic activity of ZnNi  in the gas-phase hydrodeoxygenation (HDO or O-removal) of  and the liquid-phase hydrodearomatization (HDA) of synthetic diesel. These reactions are representative of the two major challenges of the hydrotreating unit embedded in a sustainable refinery: (i) decreasing oxygen content of bio-oils (produced in the pyrolysis of lignocellulosic biomass); and (ii) decreasing aromatics content in diesel. The fresh and deactivated  were characterized by , N2 adsorption–desorption, TPR, /TPD-NH3, , ,  and coke . Under steady-state conditions, the ZnNi  supported on SBA-15 decorated with TiO2 particles displayed the highest activity in the hydrodeoxygenation of  (selectivity toward deoxygenated products > 95%) whereas the ZnNi/SBA-15  displayed the highest activity in the hydrodearomatization of synthetic diesel. It has been shown that dispersion of the active ingredient is favoured on the SBA-15 substrate. The relationship between structure and activity demonstrated that HDO and HDA reactions require optimized metal dispersion and acid function, metal dispersion being more important for HDA than for HDO reactions.

Keywords

HCE HPC