Catalytic reactor engineering ⇒ information-driven design of packed (operando), fluidized, multi-functional, and -phase reactors


Problem Statement

At lab-scale, the ultimate goal of a catalytic reactor is to provide (1) reliable kinetic information, neglecting or controlling other phenomena (heat-mass transfer and hydrodynamics); (2) high-throughput data to amplify the results, accelerate model and catalyst discoveries; and (3) results with the minimum requirements of reactants and wastes generated. The pillars of these reactors are quality, quantity, and safety.

We design, build and test different laboratory-scale reactors. Our strategy involves creating and testing reactor prototypes while modeling these using our workflow. We have high-speed cameras, probes, and other measuring instruments to understand the reactor behavior. We focus on packed-, fluidized-bed, and multiphase reactors:

In packed bed reactors, we focus on forced dynamic and operando reactors. These are the quintessence of information-driven reactors where the dynamics can involve flow changes, temperature, pressure, partial pressure, presence of activity modifiers (poissons, H2O…). In operando reactors, we follow a spectro-kinetic-deactivation-hydrodynamic approach to resolve the individual steps involved. In fluidized bed reactors, we focus on downers and multifunctional reactors (circulating, multizone or two-zone, Berty reactors) We focus on trickle-bed, slurry, and bio-electrochemical reactors in multiphase bed reactors.

Al pilot-plant scale, we aim to reach the maximum productivity levels while solving the growing pains: the scale-up. Based on a robust kinetic model obtained in the intrinsic kinetic reactor (lab-scale) and using computational fluid dynamics, we design, build, and operate pilot plants. At this stage, we seek partnerships with investment or industrial enterprises to make these pilot plants.

Objectives

  • Multifunctional fluidized bed reactors ⇒ multizone, circulating...
  • Packed bed membrane reactors
  • Forced dynamic reactors ⇒ pulsing, SSITKA...
  • Forced dynamic operando reactors ⇒ DRIFTS, TPSR...
  • Operando reactors
  • Spray fluidized bed reactors
  • Downer reactor I ⇒ micro downer
  • Downer reactor II ⇒ counter-current and scale-up
  • Batch Berty reactor ⇒ short contact time
  • Multiphase reactors ⇒ trickle bed and slurry
  • High throughput experimentation (HTE) reactors
  • Photo-thermal and bioreactors
  • Reactor visualization and prototyping lab
  • Spatio-temporal hydrodynamic characterization and validation

Related People

Related Covers

Related Publications

Mitigating Coking in Ni-Based Catalyst for Dry Reforming Through Dynamic Modulations and High-Entropy Alloys

by Bai, Mohamed, Yao, Velisoju, Melinte, Davaasuren, Hedhili, Telalovic, Castaño
Appl. Catal. B: Environ. Year: 2026 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apcatb.2026.126900

Abstract

Ni-based alloy catalysts undergo dynamic structural changes during the dry reforming of methane (DRM), which impact their activity, stability, and resistance to coke formation. We systematically investigate the structural dynamics of La2O3-supported monometallic Ni, quaternary FeCoNiCu, and quinary FeCoNiCuMo catalysts, correlating these changes with catalyst properties and DRM performance. The quinary FeCoNiCuMo catalyst exhibits superior catalytic stability and coke resistance compared to the quaternary and monometallic Ni catalysts during 30 h on stream at 700 °C. Advanced dynamic characterizations reveal that multi-metallic alloying enhances coke oxidation by accelerating La2O3 ↔ La2O2CO3 redox cycling, increasing the concentration and mobility of active oxygen, and improving CO2 activation. These effects suppress CH4 decomposition by diluting Ni sites. This dual functionality establishes a self-sustaining redox cycle that balances coke formation and oxidation, accounting for the exceptional coke resistance observed in the high-entropy FeCoNiCuMo alloy catalyst. These findings provide fundamental insights into designing stable, coke-resistant DRM catalysts through controlled structural modulation and operando characterization under realistic conditions.

Keywords

HCE CRE CHA