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Controlling selectivity and stability of zeolite catalysts for methanol to hydrocarbons and ethylene oligomerization

Problem statement

Olefins are commodity chemicals with applications in the production of plastics (petrochemical industry), lubricants, plasticizers, and surfactants, among many others. However, there is an imbalance between their production and demand, which oligomerization-cracking reactions over zeolites could solve. At the same time, zeolites are excellent catalysts for methanol to hydrocarbons (MTH), olefins (MTO), or aromatics (MTA). The processes aim to produce light hydrocarbons like propylene or convert ethylene into higher-value a-olefins, aromatic hydrocarbons (BTX), and jet fuel.

Our focus in this project is to modify, synthesize and develop novel materials of different porosity (engineered at the multiscale): from hierarchical zeolites, nano zeolites, and hollow zeolites to catalytic particles, bodies, spray-dried and extrudates with tuned properties. Additionally, we incorporate different metals (i.e., Ni, Cr, Zn) to adjust the selectivity of desired products.

We use various reactors, such as operando or high-throughput packed-bed and batch reactors.

Goals

  • Develop a quantitative analytical workflow to analyze and interpret these complex reacting environments
  • Explore novel renewable and waste resources to obtain chemicals and fuels
  • Deploy ad-hoc catalysts and process conditions to incorporate these wastes in the refinery (bio- and waste-refinery)
  • Analyze process dynamics and kinetics
OLG2023

Related People

Ali Alkadhem
Hend Omar Mohamed
Rushana Khairova

Related Publications

Simultaneous Coking and Dealumination of Zeolite H-ZSM-5 during the Transformation of Chloromethane into Olefins

by Ibanez, Gamero, Ruiz-Martinez, Weckhuysen, Aguayo, Bilbao, Castaño
Catal. Sci. Technol. Year: 2016

Extra Information

Open Access.

Abstract

The deactivation pathways of a zeolite H-ZSM-5 catalyst containing bentonite and α-Al2O3 as binder material have been studied during the transformation of chloromethane into light olefins, which is considered as a possible step to valorize methane from natural gas. The reactions have been carried out in a fixed bed reactor, feeding pure chloromethane at 400, 425 and 450 °C, 1.5 bar and with a space-time of 5.4 (gcatalyst) h (molCH2)−1 for 255 min. The properties of the fresh and spent catalysts have been assessed by several techniques, such as N2 physisorption, adsorption/desorption of NH3, XPS and 29Si NMR. Additional measurements of the spent catalysts have been performed to study the nature of the deactivating coke species: TG-TPO analysis, SEM, and FT-IR and UV-vis spectroscopy. With the results in hand, two deactivation mechanisms were proposed: irreversible dealumination at temperatures higher than 450 °C by HCl and reversible coke fouling, while coke formation results from the condensation of polyalkylbenzenes, which are also intermediates in olefin production. The coke deposits grow in size with the addition of Cl to the carbonaceous structure.

Keywords

O2H HCE