Catalytic reactor engineering ⇒ information-driven design of packed (operando), fluidized, multi-functional, and -phase reactors

Problem statement

At lab-scale, the ultimate goal of a catalytic reactor is to provide (1) reliable kinetic information, neglecting or controlling other phenomena (heat-mass transfer and hydrodynamics); (2) high-throughput data to amplify the results, accelerate model and catalyst discoveries; and (3) results with the minimum requirements of reactants and wastes generated. The pillars of these reactors are quality, quantity, and safety.

We design, build and test different laboratory-scale reactors. Our strategy involves creating and testing reactor prototypes while modeling these using our workflow. We have high-speed cameras, probes, and other measuring instruments to understand the reactor behavior. We focus on packed-, fluidized-bed, and multiphase reactors:

In packed bed reactors, we focus on forced dynamic and operando reactors. These are the quintessence of information-driven reactors where the dynamics can involve flow changes, temperature, pressure, partial pressure, presence of activity modifiers (poissons, H2O…). In operando reactors, we follow a spectro-kinetic-deactivation-hydrodynamic approach to resolve the individual steps involved. In fluidized bed reactors, we focus on downers and multifunctional reactors (circulating, multizone or two-zone, Berty reactors) We focus on trickle-bed, slurry, and bio-electrochemical reactors in multiphase bed reactors.

Al pilot-plant scale, we aim to reach the maximum productivity levels while solving the growing pains: the scale-up. Based on a robust kinetic model obtained in the intrinsic kinetic reactor (lab-scale) and using computational fluid dynamics, we design, build, and operate pilot plants. At this stage, we seek partnerships with investment or industrial enterprises to make these pilot plants.

Goals

  • Multifunctional fluidized bed reactors ⇒ multizone, circulating...
  • Packed bed membrane reactors
  • Forced dynamic reactors ⇒ pulsing, SSITKA...
  • Forced dynamic operando reactors ⇒ DRIFTS, TPSR...
  • Operando reactors
  • Spray fluidized bed reactors
  • Downer reactor I ⇒ micro downer
  • Downer reactor II ⇒ counter-current and scale-up
  • Batch Berty reactor ⇒ short contact time
  • Multiphase reactors ⇒ trickle bed and slurry
  • High throughput experimentation (HTE) reactors
  • Photo-thermal and bioreactors
  • Reactor visualization and prototyping lab
  • Spatio-temporal hydrodynamic characterization and validation

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Unraveling the influence of magnetic field on microbial and electrogenic activities in bioelectrochemical systems: A comprehensive review

by Al-Mayyahi, Park, Jadhav, Hussien, Mohamed, Castaño, Al-Qaradawi, Chae
Fuel Year: 2023 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fuel.2022.125889

Abstract

Bioelectrochemical systems (BESs), such as microbial fuel/electrolysis cells, are promising wastewater treatment and energy generationapproaches that use electrochemically active bacteria (EAB). Bacteria growth in BES is a critical factor that controls the performance of the overall system. A magnetic field (MF) is an effective way to accelerate biofilm formation and extracellular electron transfer (EET). The performance is highly dependent on the MF intensity, exposure time, shape and orientation of the magnets, and the microbial structure of the inoculum. Despite the increasing number of investigations into each factor, there is an insufficient comprehensive understanding of the mechanism of MFs in BESs. In this review, the basic mechanism of MFs, as well as the various attempts to use MFs in BESs, and their effect on the obtained performances are introduced. Particularly, the empirical effects of MF on the EAB growth, EET, enzyme activity, and BES performance. Moreover, the influence of MF on radical pairs was also interpreted to explain how MF affects EET. This review is the first attempt at understanding the background and current trends in the application of MF technologies in BESs.

Keywords

EPB HCE CRE