Catalytic reactor engineering ⇒ information-driven design of packed (operando), fluidized, multi-functional, and -phase reactors

Problem statement

At lab-scale, the ultimate goal of a catalytic reactor is to provide (1) reliable kinetic information, neglecting or controlling other phenomena (heat-mass transfer and hydrodynamics); (2) high-throughput data to amplify the results, accelerate model and catalyst discoveries; and (3) results with the minimum requirements of reactants and wastes generated. The pillars of these reactors are quality, quantity, and safety.

We design, build and test different laboratory-scale reactors. Our strategy involves creating and testing reactor prototypes while modeling these using our workflow. We have high-speed cameras, probes, and other measuring instruments to understand the reactor behavior. We focus on packed-, fluidized-bed, and multiphase reactors:

In packed bed reactors, we focus on forced dynamic and operando reactors. These are the quintessence of information-driven reactors where the dynamics can involve flow changes, temperature, pressure, partial pressure, presence of activity modifiers (poissons, H2O…). In operando reactors, we follow a spectro-kinetic-deactivation-hydrodynamic approach to resolve the individual steps involved. In fluidized bed reactors, we focus on downers and multifunctional reactors (circulating, multizone or two-zone, Berty reactors) We focus on trickle-bed, slurry, and bio-electrochemical reactors in multiphase bed reactors.

Al pilot-plant scale, we aim to reach the maximum productivity levels while solving the growing pains: the scale-up. Based on a robust kinetic model obtained in the intrinsic kinetic reactor (lab-scale) and using computational fluid dynamics, we design, build, and operate pilot plants. At this stage, we seek partnerships with investment or industrial enterprises to make these pilot plants.

Goals

  • Multifunctional fluidized bed reactors ⇒ multizone, circulating...
  • Packed bed membrane reactors
  • Forced dynamic reactors ⇒ pulsing, SSITKA...
  • Forced dynamic operando reactors ⇒ DRIFTS, TPSR...
  • Operando reactors
  • Spray fluidized bed reactors
  • Downer reactor I ⇒ micro downer
  • Downer reactor II ⇒ counter-current and scale-up
  • Batch Berty reactor ⇒ short contact time
  • Multiphase reactors ⇒ trickle bed and slurry
  • High throughput experimentation (HTE) reactors
  • Photo-thermal and bioreactors
  • Reactor visualization and prototyping lab
  • Spatio-temporal hydrodynamic characterization and validation

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Related Publications

Ethylene Oligomerization: Unraveling the Roles of Ni Sites, Acid Sites, and Zeolite Pore Topology through Continuous and Pulsed Reactions

by Abed, Mohamed, Hita, Velisoju, Morlanes, El Tall, Castaño
ChemCatChem Year: 2024 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/cctc.202301220

Abstract

Herein, four catalysts, consisting of either MFI or BEA as the zeolite framework in the presence or absence of Ni, are compared to explore the individual and collective adsorptive and catalytic contributions of pore topology, Ni sites, and acid sites. Both continuous and pulsed chemisorption/reaction experiments are used to obtain a complete picture of the time-dependent adsorption-desorption behavior, reaction mechanisms, and deactivation steps. The methodology highlights the effect of acid sites, especially during the initial stages of reaction and in the BEA-based catalysts, which have higher acidity at a given Si/Al ratio. In addition, Ni accelerates the reaction and improves the selectivity towards intermediate oligomers. However, the tendency for the most active Ni and acid sites to saturate and deactivate more rapidly than the less active ones may lead to misinterpretation when using the continuous reactor alone. Hence, the dominant mechanisms over the different catalyst sites and reaction times are discussed based on the combined steady and dynamic experiments.

Keywords

CRE OLG