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Process development and deployment for the direct reforming of crude oil to hydrogen and carbon materials

Problem statement

Hydrogen is a clean energy source and carrier because of its non−polluting combustion, making it an excellent alternative to the current fossil fuel-dominated energy scenario. Nonetheless, there are several critical challenges to implementing a broad sustainable use of hydrogen. In this project, we develop a laboratory−scale setup with stable operation and high hydrogen production.

We aim at assessing (i) different hydrocarbon feedstock (from n-heptane to crude oil) fed to the reactor with water as emulsions, carried by steam or vaporized; (ii) steam reforming (SR) and auto thermal reforming (ATR); and (iii) stable and energy efficient catalysts for the efficient production of hydrogen inside packed, fluidized, and multifunctional reactors. These, coupled with carbon capture technologies, minimize the carbon footprint of the overall process.

We support our research with simulations and techno−economic analysis to assess the approach's feasibility. C2H can use the current refinery infrastructure to reduce costs and the impact of market volatility on refinery operations.

Goals

  • Develop and scale up advanced catalysts and reactors for converting crude to hydrogen
  • Model process simulations to analyze the viability of the process 
  • Scaling the technical catalysts for their demanding application: endothermic process, poisoning, massive coke deposition, and fluidized-bed reactors
  • Analyze different process conditions to optimize hydrogen production and stability in the process
C2H-REF2023

Related People

Related Publications

TPO Coupled with In-Situ Techniques Reveal Nature and Location of Coke Deposited on a Ni/La2O3-alpha-Al2O3 Catalyst in the Steam Reforming of Bio-Oil

by Ochoa, Valle, Resasco, Bilbao, Gayubo, Castaño
ChemCatChem Year: 2018

Abstract

The characterization of coke deposited on a Ni/La2O3‐αAl2O3 catalyst used in the steam reforming of bio‐oil has been studied by temperature programmed oxidation (TPO) coupled with different in situ techniques: thermogravimetry (TG), modulated thermogravimetry (MTG), FTIR spectroscopy with mass spectrometry (MS), Raman spectroscopy, and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The steam reforming of bio‐oil was carried out in a reactor equipment with two steps in series, comprising bio‐oil thermal treatment (500 °C) and subsequent reforming in a fluidized bed reactor (550–700 °C; and steam‐to‐carbon ratio, 1.5–6). TG/MS‐TPO experiments identify encapsulating and filamentous coke, and a more detailed analysis using other in situ techniques enable to characterize the nature and location of 4 types of coke: (i) an encapsulating coke with aliphatic nature placed in the most superficial layers; (ii) an encapsulating coke with higher aromatic nature in inner layers; (iii) the most superficial layers of a filamentous coke, further from active sites and with a more carbonized structure compared to encapsulating coke; and (iv) an innermost and mainly polyaromatic filamentous coke with a low oxygenates content.

Keywords

REF W2C CRE